Early embryonic loss in dairy cows is a key factor affecting reproductive efficiency,primarily occurring within 42 days after fertilization,with a loss rate as high as 40%~60%. This paper systematically elaborated on the definition,occurrence patterns,and influencing factors of early embryonic loss,including embryo quality,maternal physiological status,and environmental management. Embryonic loss is closely associated with genetic defects,gamete quality,endocrine disorders,diseases,and heat stress. In response to these factors,this paper proposed comprehensive preventive measures,such as optimizing genetic selection,strengthening nutritional management,disease prevention and control,and reproductive technology interventions. Through scientific management,the rate of early embryonic loss can be effectively reduced,thereby improving the economic efficiency of dairy farming.

dairy cows  /  early embryonic loss  /  reproductive efficiency  /  influencing factors  /  preventive measures