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Postpartum hypocalcemia in dairy cows is a critical metabolic disorder that severely threatens the health and productivity of transition dairy cows, and its effective prevention and control are of paramount importance to the dairy industry. Traditional herd-based calcium supplementation strategies suffer from issues such as insufficient precision, resource wastage, and potential metabolic risks. With the advancement of the concept of precision nutrition, precision calcium supplementation strategies tailored to the physiological status of individual cows have become a current research focus. This paper systematically reviewed the hazards of postpartum hypocalcemia, traditional and emerging calcium supplementation methods, and specifically discussed individualized precision calcium supplementation strategies based on indicators such as behavioral monitoring (e.g., feeding and rumination time). Furthermore, in conjunction with the application concept of oral calcium supplements like Bovikalc, this paper analyzed their potential effects on improving calcium metabolic homeostasis, maintaining uterine health, and enhancing subsequent production performance in dairy cows. This review aimed to provide a theoretical basis and reference for optimizing calcium metabolism management during the transition period and promoting the practice of precision nutritional interventions in dairy cows.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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