Heat stress is a critical environmental factor affecting the reproductive performance of dairy cows,leading to endocrine disorders,impaired ovarian and uterine functions,abnormal estrus behaviors,and significantly reduced conception rates and reproductive efficiency. This paper systematically elaborated on the physiological impacts of heat stress on the reproductive system of dairy cows,with a focus on regulatory strategies involving reproductive hormones（such as GnRH,progesterone,FSH/LH,and PGF2α）. These strategies include the optimization of hormone administration protocols,dosage adjustments,and their synergistic application with comprehensive management measures such as environmental control,nutritional support,and precision monitoring. Practical evidence demonstrates that scientifically applied hormonal interventions,combined with integrated management,can effectively enhance the reproductive performance of dairy cows under heat stress conditions.

heat stress  /  dairy cows  /  reproductive performance  /  reproductive hormones  /  GnRH  /  progesterone  /  FSH/LH  /  PGF2α  /  regulatory strategies