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Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are targeted anticancer drugs that block signaling pathways like EGFR, VEGFR, and BCR-ABL. While they have greatly improved cancer patient survival, frequently cause cardiotoxic effects such as left ventricular dysfunction and life-threatening arrhythmias—problems that pose a growing challenge in clinical practice. The mechanisms behind this toxicity include on-target damage, off-target effects, and electrical disturbances in the heart. Newly discovered mechanisms—such as metabolic reprogramming, non-coding RNA regulation, and the gut microbiota-heart axis—have also been linked to TKIs-induced cardiotoxicity. This article aims to systematically review the mechanism of TKIs-induced cardiotoxicity, provide directions for future exploration of the emerging mechanisms of TKIs-induced cardiotoxicity, and provide a theoretical basis for the development of new intervention drugs.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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