To explore the clinical effect of insulin lispro combined with balanced salt solution in the treatment of adult emergency patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).

DKA patients were divided into a control group and an experimental group according to the treatment method. Both groups were given intravenous infusion of balanced salt solution for rehydration at the same time. The control group was given insulin aspart, and the experimental group was given insulin lispro. The blood glucose control efficacy, improvement of acidosis, and safety were compared between the two groups.

There were 44 patients enrolled in the control group and 48 patients in the experimental group. After treatment, the fasting blood glucose (FBG) of the control group was (5.77±1.08) mmol·L^-1, the 2-hour postprandial glucose (2 h PG) was (12.11±4.27) mmol·L^-1, the mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) was (3.48±1.04) mmol·L^-1, the 24-hour mean blood glucose (24 h MBG) was (7.84±1.57) mmol·L^-1, the beta-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB) was (0.35±0.11) mmol·L^-1, the carbon dioxide combining power (CO₂CP) was (20.06±6.43) mmol·L^-1, and the potential of hydrogen (pH) value was 7.58±1.13. For the experimental group, the FBG was (5.36±1.26) mmol·L^-1, the 2 h PG was (10.22±2.52) mmol·L^-1, the MAGE was (3.32±0.92) mmol·L^-1, the 24 h MBG was (7.60±1.44) mmol·L^-1, the β-HB was (0.30±0.14) mmol·L^-1, the CO₂CP was (21.34±6.54) mmol·L^-1, and the pH was 7.55±1.07. The experimental group had significantly lower levels of FBG, 2 h PG, MAGE, and 24 h MBG compared to the control group(all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in β-HB, CO₂CP, and pH value between the two groups (all P>0.05). There was 1 case of hypoglycemia in the control group and 3 cases of hypoglycemia in the experimental group. There were no gastrointestinal adverse reactions such as abdominal distension in both groups, and there was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).

Insulin lispro combined with balanced salt solution can effectively control blood glucose, improve acidosis and electrolyte levels, exert no significant adverse effects on renal function, and has good safety in the treatment of adult emergency DKA patients.