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As a multi-target tyrosine kinase inhibitor, sorafenib is the core therapeutic drug for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma and differentiated thyroid cancer. However, its cardiotoxicity significantly limits clinical application, mainly manifests in hypertension, myocardial ischemia, heart failure, arrhythmia, and thrombosis/hemorrhage events, which seriously affect the patient’s prognosis. This paper deeply explores the molecular mechanisms of sorafenib inducing cardiotoxicity, including key pathways such as oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy imbalance, ribonucleic acid binding motif protein 20 (RBM20) mediated gene splicing abnormalities, calcium homeostasis imbalance and myocardial electrophysiological abnormalities; at the same time, a systematic summary of clinical prevention and treatment strategies, covering monitoring and intervention measures for adverse reactions such as hypertension and heart failure, as well as research progress in experimental therapeutic drugs.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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