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Polymyxin’s clinical application is limited by its significant nephrotoxicity, complex pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics, and the growing issue of bacterial resistance. This systematic review summarizes research progress on three novel polymyxin derivatives: SPR206, QPX9003, and MRX-8. Through structural design, these compounds retain potent antimicrobial activity while reducing nephrotoxicity and improving PK/PD profiles. Preclinical studies and preliminary clinical trials demonstrate broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, along with promising efficacy in models such as pulmonary infections. Although these candidate drugs are still undergoing clinical trials, they show potential to become alternatives to existing polymyxin therapies.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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