To study the clinical effect and safety of atosiban acetate injection combined with magnesium sulfate injection in inhibiting uterine contractions in premature delivery.

Patients with threatened preterm delivery were divided into treatment group (treated with atosiban acetate combined with magnesium sulfate) and control group (treated with magnesium sulfate) by random number table method. The 24 h dose magnesium sulfate injection was 30 g and this drug was stopped when uterine contraction was inhibited, the total dose of atosiban acetate injection was ≤ 330 mg and total treatment time should not exceed 48 h. The effects of contraction inhibition, serological indexes, hemodynamics, safety and perinatal outcomes of the two groups were compared.

A total of 97 cases were screened in this study, there were 47 cases in control group and 45 cases in treatment group. The treatment group and control group with success rate of fetal protection were 97.78% and 82.98%, the extended gestation time was (26.35±4.12) and (20.04±3.27) d, and the onset time of uterine contraction was (1.58±0.26) and (2.45±0.38) h, and the difference was all statistically significant (all P<0.05). After treatment, the interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in treatment group and control group were (142.34±15.75) and (182.17±19.43) ng·L^-1, respectively. Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor-1 (TIMP-1) was (135.29±15.42) and (112.48±13.55) pg·mL^-1, nitric oxide (NO) was (23.03±2.17) and (28.13±3.01) μmol·L^-1; and the difference of the indexes between two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, there were no statistically significant differences in systolic blood pressure (SBP)[(120.07±13.97) vs. (119.28±13.51) mmHg], heart rate (HR)[(93.56±10.82) vs. (93.32±10.65) bpm] and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) [(77.22±9.05) vs. (78.32±9.47) mmHg] between 2 groups (P>0.05). There were no statistically differences in perinatal mortality and incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups (P>0.05). The incidence of neonatal asphyxia in treatment group and control group was 2.22% and 17.02%, and the incidence of low body weight infants was 2.22% and 14.89%, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).

Atosiban acetate injection combined with magnesium sulfate injection can effectively inhibit uterine contraction, reduce inflammation, improve vascular endothelial function, regulate serum TIMP-1 expression, and improve perinatal outcomes in patients with threatened preterm delivery, with good safety and no significant effects on hemodynamics.