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To investigate the protective effect of icariin on recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) mice and its potential mechanism.
Female CBA/J mice were randomly divided into control group (mated with male BALB/c mice), model group (modeling mating with male DBA/2 mice), experimental-L group (after modeling, 25.00 mg·kg-1 icariin was given by intragastric administration), experimental-H group (50.00 mg·kg-1 icariin was given by intragastric administration after modeling), positive group (2.6 mg·kg-1 desdrogesterone was given by intragastream after modeling), uterine tissue was collected after 14 days of treatment for follow-up experiments. Embryo absorption rate was observed and recorded. The levels of interleukin (IL) -4 and interferon γ (IFN-γ) were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expressions of Foxp3 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Western blot assay was used to detect the expression of TLR4 and phosphorylated nuclear transcription factor-κB (p-NF-κB) protein.
The absorption rates of mouse embryos in control group, model group, experimental-L group, experimental-H group and positive group were 7.37% (7 cases/95 cases), 37.33% (28 cases/75 cases), 20.93% (18 cases/86 cases), 13.79% (12 cases/87 cases) and 12.22% (11 cases/90 cases), respectively; IL-4 expression levels were (33.84±5.71), (10.71±2.34), (16.86±1.13), (26.91±3.04) and (19.56±1.79) pg·mL-1, respectively; the expression levels of IFN-γ were (25.97±1.40), (63.38±5.39), (47.23±6.78) (34.80±4.08) and (29.61±3.25) pg·mL-1, respectively; the relative expression levels of Foxp3 mRNA were 1.00±0.07, 0.57±0.05, 0.72±0.06, 0.90±0.05 and 0.66±0.06, respectively; the relative expression levels of TLR4 mRNA were 1.00±0.10, 2.32±0.17, 1.78±0.14, 1.40±0.08 and 2.05±0.26, respectively; the relative expression levels of TLR4 protein were 0.31±0.05, 0.90±0.11, 0.68±0.05, 0.55±0.05 and 0.79±0.10, respectively; the relative expression levels of p-NF-κB protein were 0.27±0.02, 0.82±0.13, 0.66±0.04, 0.42±0.05 and 0.75±0.09, respectively. The above indicators in the model group compared with the control group, the experimental-L and experimental-H groups were compared with the model group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05).
Icariin may play a protective role in improving RSA immune response by inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB pathway.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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