Atherosclerosis (AS), a multifactorial inflammatory disease characterized by complex interactions among biomolecules and signaling pathways, poses significant cardiovascular risks. Emerging evidence highlights phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), a key phospholipid component of cellular membranes, as playing pivotal regulatory roles in both the initiation and progression of AS. While existing studies have elucidated PE’s fundamental biological functions, its precise molecular mechanisms governing inflammatory responses, lipid homeostasis, and signal transduction remain incompletely characterized. This comprehensive review systematically examines PE’s involvement in atherogenesis, explores its underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, and critically evaluates current research limitations alongside promising therapeutic avenues. Through this synthesis, we aim to advance mechanistic understanding of PE’s pleiotropic functions and inform novel intervention strategies for atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |