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To investigate the cardioprotective mechanism of Ilexin A in ameliorating hyperlipidemia through the regulation of microRNA-133a-3p (miR-133a-3p) and uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2).
Rats were randomly divided into control group (gavage with an equal volume of distilled water as the experimental group), model group (gavage with an equal volume of distilled water as the experimental group), experimental group (gavage with 40 mg·kg-1 Ilexin A), miR-133a-3p inhibitor group (gavage with 40 mg·kg-1 Ilexin A + tail vein injection of 1.95×1012 vg·mL-1 adenovirus containing miR-133a-3p inhibitor), and OE-UCP2 group (gavage with 40 mg·kg-1 Ilexin A + tail vein injection of 1.95×1012 vg·mL-1 adenovirus containing both miR-133a-3p inhibitor and OE-UCP2). Blood lipid levels, including low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cardiac function parameters, such as the mitral inflow peak early diastolic velocity to late diastolic velocities (E/A) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), were assessed via echocardiography. The relative expression levels of mRNA were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), while protein levels were detected by Western blot.
In the model and experimental groups, LDL-C levels were (0.92±0.12) and (0.76±0.09) mmol·L-1; HDL-C levels were (0.82±0.10) and (1.14±0.13) mmol·L-1; E/A ratios were 0.89±0.11 and 1.17±0.14; LVEF values were (41.31±5.07)% and (59.92±7.86)%; the relative expression levels of miR-133a-3p were 0.33±0.06 and 1.22±0.18; uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) mRNA levels were 0.57±0.08 and 0.79±0.09; cleaved caspase-3 protein levels were 1.00±0.15 and 0.71±0.09; B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) protein levels were 1.00±0.17 and 1.94±0.27, respectively. The differences between the model and experimental groups for these parameters were statistically significant (all P<0.05).
Ilexin A ameliorates hyperlipidemia by regulating miR-133a-3p and UCP2. Its mechanism may involve downregulating Bcl-2 and activating cleaved caspase-3 to induce apoptosis, thereby exerting cardioprotective effects and improving cardiac function.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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