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To investigate the mechanism of Achyranthoside Ⅰ inhibits pyroptosis in chondrocytes through the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/NOD receptor protein structure domain related proteins 3 (NLRP3)/cystine containing aspartate specific proteins-1 (caspase-1) signaling pathway.
Primary mouse chondrocytes were divided into blank group (phosphate buffered solution with the same volume), model group [10 ng·mL-1 interleukin-1β (IL-1β)], control group (10 ng·mL-1 IL-1β+20 μmol·L-1 celecoxib) and experimental group (10 ng·mL-1 IL-1β+3 μg·mL-1 Achyranthoside Ⅰ). After 24 hours of intervention, the cell proliferation was measured by cell counting kit 8, the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-1 and IL-6 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the protein expression levels of NF-κB p65, NLRP3 and caspase-1 were detected by Western Blot.
The apoptosis rates in experimental, control, model and blank groups were (13.34±0.61)%, (15.64±1.01)%, (21.81±1.10)% and 0; the SOD levels were (147.03±16.49), (130.09±7.33), (122.03±10.71) and (164.40±22.74) nU·mL-1; the MDA levels were (6.43±0.71), (7.63±1.01), (8.89±1.84) and (5.69±0.81) nmol·L-1; the IL-1 levels were (338.69±40.95), (361.78±32.15), (391.44±30.59) and (289.23±25.19) pg·mL-1; the IL-6 levels were (89.96±8.81), (101.10±11.59), (120.39±14.71) and (60.29±6.03) pg·mL-1; the relative expression levels of NF-κB p65 were 0.68±0.05, 0.97±0.05, 1.26±0.05 and 0.57±0.05; the relative expression levels of NLRP3 were 0.71±0.08, 1.02±0.10, 1.50±0.06 and 0.31±0.05; the relative expression levels of caspase-1 were 0.70±0.07, 1.29±0.08, 1.66±0.07 and 0.51±0.07, respectively. Compared with the model group, the differences of above indexes were statistically significant in the experimental group (all P<0.05).
Achyranthoside Ⅰ can improve the oxidative stress status induced by IL-1β in chondrocytes, reduce the expression of proteins related to the NF-κB signaling pathway, and thereby decrease the occurrence of caspase-1 dependent pyroptosis, providing a protective effect on chondrocytes.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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