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The treatment of posterior segment diseases has always been a challenge in the field of ophthalmology. How to overcome obstacles in drug delivery and improve the bioavailability of drugs in the posterior segment of the eye is one of the most challenging aspects in the field of drug research. The innovation of drug delivery routes and dosage forms, as well as breakthroughs in drug development, have brought new hope for the delivery of drugs in the posterior segment of the eye. This article reviews three aspects of innovative drug delivery routes for subretinal drug delivery, suprachoroidal drug delivery, and vitreous cavity implantation, innovative drug delivery form design for nano-formulations and exosomal formulations, and innovative drug development for intraocular injections, topical drops, and oral drugs, with the aim of providing new strategies for the treatment of diseases of the posterior segment of the eye.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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