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To systematically elucidate the mechanism of action of Qizhi hypoglycemic tablets (QZT) in treating diabetic vascular complications, this study adopted the methods of network pharmacology and molecular docking.
Active ingredients and their corresponding targets of QZT were retrieved from traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform (TCMSP) and other databases. Disease targets related to diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and peripheral neuropathy were collected from The human gene database (GeneCards) and online mendelian inheritance in man (OMIM). Overlapping targets between drugs and diseases were identified, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Gene ontology (GO) and kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses were performed using the database for annotation, visualization, and integrated discovery (DAVID). Molecular docking was used to validate the binding interactions between key active components and core targets.
A total of 116 active ingredients, 2 245 disease-related targets, and 354 common targets were obtained. Core targets such as proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (SRC), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1), and RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1) were identified. GO and KEGG analyses revealed that the therapeutic effects of QZT were primarily mediated through key pathways including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway (PI3K-Akt) and advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products signaling pathway (AGE-RAGE). Molecular docking confirmed stable binding of core components including apigenin, baicalein, and 4′,7-dihydroxyflavanone (DFV) to the core targets.
This study preliminarily clarifies the multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway mechanism of QZT against diabetic vascular complications, providing a theoretical basis for its clinical application and further investigation.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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