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The high-altitude environment is characterized by hypoxia, low temperatures, strong radiation, and low humidity, with hypoxia exerting profound effects on human physiological functions. Cardiovascular disease, a prevalent chronic condition in plateau regions, poses a serious threat to health. While pharmacotherapy is the primary intervention, the hypoxic environment significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of cardiovascular drugs in vivo, thereby compromising their safety and efficacy. Consequently, investigating the pharmacokinetic characteristics of cardiovascular drugs under high-altitude hypoxia is crucial. Given the current scarcity of research in this area, this review summarizes the impact of high-altitude hypoxia on key pharmacokinetic parameters of cardiovascular drugs and explores potential mechanisms of action, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the rational clinical use of these drugs in plateau areas.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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