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To investigate the gram-positive coccus resistance in nationwide tietiary hospitals, understand the trend of antimicrobial resistance and provide scientific data for the rational use of antibiotis.
All the clinical isolates were collected from 18 hospitals and the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were tested using agar/broth dilution method recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) in central laboratory.
A total of 2 311 pathogenic gram-positive coccus from 18 tertiary hospitals in 18 cities nationwide over the period from July 2023 to June 2024 were studied. Based on the MIC results, the prevalence of methicillin resistant Stapylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin resistant Stapylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) were 30.6% and 76.3%, respectively. No vancomycin insensitivitive Staphylococcus was detected. Stapylococcus aureus were 100% susceptible to linezolid and teicoplanin. Antibiotic resistance rates of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium to ampicillin were 0.6% and 89.1%, respectively. 18 strains of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) were detected, all of which was Enterococcus faecium. The detection rate of VRE among Enterococcus faecium was 5.5%. The prevalence of penicillin non-susceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PNSSP) was 9.9% based on non-meningitis and parenteral administration criterion, while for cases of oral penicillin, the rate was 73.1%, showing similar to last time. The resistance rates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from children to cephalosporins, macrolides and clindamycin were slightly higher than those of adults and the elderly, while there were no statistic significant differences of resistance rates of Stapylococcus aureus, Stapylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium and Streptococcus pneumoniae among various groups such as different departments, ages, or specimen sources (all P>0.05).
The detection rate of MRSA has continued to decline, while the detection rate of VRE has been on the rise. This situation requires continuous monitoring.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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