To study the correlation and difference between epilepsy and simple epileptiform discharge and risk factors in children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Total 375 children with cerebral palsy who were hospitalized in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University from January 2015 to June 2023 were selected as subjects. The clinical data of the children were collected and analyzed retrospectively. According to whether the EEG showed epileptiform discharges and whether the clinical manifestations were epileptic seizures, the patients were divided into the simple cerebral palsy group (278 cases), simple epileptiform discharge group (58 cases), and epilepsy group (39 cases). The χ² test was used to compare the differences between groups, and statistically significant factors were screened and included in multivariate logistic regression analysis to explore the independent risk factors affecting epilepsy and epileptiform discharges in children with cerebral palsy.

Univariate analysis found that there were significant differences in the history of neonatal seizures [14 (5%), 5 (8.6%), 13 (33.3%), χ²=35.089, P<0.001], spastic quadriplegia[25 (9.0%), 11 (19.0%), 15 (38.5%), χ²=26.958, P<0.001] between the three groups. There were significant differences in head circumference [50 (18.0%), 22 (37.9%), 18 (46.2%), χ²=22.178, P<0.001] and GMFCS grade Ⅳ and Ⅴ [91 (32.7%), 27 (46.6%), 20 (51.3%), χ²=7.865, P=0.020] between the three groups. Multivariate ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that small head circumference [OR=2.312, 95% CI:1.372—3.896, P=0.002], neonatal seizures [OR=5.048, 95% CI:2.457—10.360, P<0.001] and spastic quadriplegia [OR=3.212, 95% CI:1.680—6.141, P<0.001] were risk factors for epileptiform discharges and seizures in children with cerebral palsy.

Small head circumference, neonatal seizures, and spastic quadriplegia are risk factors for epileptiform discharges and seizures in children with cerebral palsy.

To evaluate the efficacy of vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT) on patients with chronic dizziness, and to provide a clinical evidence for the application of VRT in chronic dizziness rehabilitation.

Sixty patients with chronic dizziness were randomly divided into experimental group (n=30) and control group (n=30). The control group was treated with betahistine mesylate tablet and Xuanyunning tablet, while the experimental group received vestibular rehabilitation therapy on the basis of the control group. The assessment measures included the visual analogue scale of dizziness, the dizziness handicap inventory (DHI), the activities-specific balance confidence scale (ABC), the modified Barthel index (MBI), the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). Patients were evaluated before treatment, after 4 weeks of treatment, and at 3 months of follow-up.

Before treatment, there was no significant difference in general information and dizziness related evaluation indexes between the two groups (P>0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment and at the 3-month follow-up, the experimental group showed significantly lower Visual analogue scale of dizziness, DHI score and HADS score (P<0.05). After 4 weeks of treatment, the experimental group showed significantly higher ABC score and MBI score than those of control group (P<0.05). There were no adverse reactions in either group.

VRT is an effective and safe intervention for improving dizziness symptoms and balance function, daily living ability, psychological well-being in patients with chronic dizziness. It holds significant clinical value and warrants further application in rehabilitation settings.