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Outline
The source prevention and control technologies for heavy metals in soil at that time were plagued by problems such as insufficient precision and systematicness. This quantitative analysis methods of soil heavy metal sources and sinks at home and abroad were studied in this paper. Their historical evolution, type characteristics, basic principles, advantages and disadvantages were analyzed, and their roles and intrinsic correlations in source identification and flux analysis were revealed. The results show, after decades of exploration and iteration, source apportionment represented by mathematical statistics, receptor mathematical models, and physicochemical characteristic fingerprints had become the foundation for controlling the sources of heavy metals in soil. However, as the concept of soil pollution prevention and control shifted from traditional investigation and remediation to sustainable risk management of sources and sinks, the importance of precise flux calculation for control effectiveness had become increasingly prominent. In view of this, a "source-sink-end" "three-in-one" risk control system was proposed in this paper: based on scientific "source" identification, centered on flux "sink" characterization, and guaranteed by receptor "end" verification, this system was designed to practice the concept of "prevention first, remediation second", and to promote food security and the sustainable utilization of soil resources.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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