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Synergistic control of manganese and disinfection byproducts formation by potassium permanganate and polyaluminium chloride in water
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Jun-chen LUO1, Mao-fei NI1, Cheng-cheng FU2, Run-yu ZHANG3, Xiao-yong LUO4, Zhi-kang WANG1, *
China Environmental Science | 2026, 46(3) : 1356 - 1366
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China Environmental Science | 2026, 46(3): 1356-1366
• Water Pollution Control •
Synergistic control of manganese and disinfection byproducts formation by potassium permanganate and polyaluminium chloride in water
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Jun-chen LUO1, Mao-fei NI1, Cheng-cheng FU2, Run-yu ZHANG3, Xiao-yong LUO4, Zhi-kang WANG1, *
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
  • 2.Guizhou Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center, Guiyang 550009, China
  • 3.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550009, China
  • 4.Guiyang Water Environment Group Co., Ltd, Guiyang 550009, China
Published: 2026-03-20
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This study examined a combined potassium permanganate (KMnO4) and polyaluminium chloride (PAC) process for treating karst waters, with experiments simulating the seasonal variations in manganese concentration. Using algal organic matter (AOM) from Chlorella sp. and Pseudoanabaena sp., the mechanisms for Mn(II) removal, AOM transformation, and DBPs control were investigated. The results indicated that KMnO4 oxidized Mn(II) to MnO2, while PAC promoted the co-precipitation of MnO2 with AOM through adsorption and bridging. TEM analysis confirmed that MnO2 was encapsulated by PAC flocs and associated with AOM. FTIR and ICP-MS analyses demonstrated enhanced Mn(II) adsorption via coordination with algal surface functional groups. The combined process reduced the formation of carbonaceous DBPs (C-DBPs) and nitrogenous DBPs (N-DBPs) by 16% and 18.5%, respectively. Notably, trichloromethane (TCM) formation was reduced by 51%, underscoring the process's effectiveness against C-DBPs. Compared to KMnO4 alone, the combined process reduced N-DBPs formation by only 0.6% in the Chlorella sp. system but by 27% in the Pseudoanabaena sp. system. This disparity suggests that DBP formation pathways are differentially regulated by AOM components, which vary with algal species.

Mn(II)  /  algal organic matter  /  disinfection by-products  /  KMnO4-PAC  /  hydrological seasons
骆隽辰, 倪茂飞, 傅成诚, 张润宇, 罗小勇, 王志康. 高锰酸钾-聚合氯化铝对水体锰离子及消毒副产物的协同调控. 中国环境科学, 2026 , 46 (3) : 1356 -1366 .
Jun-chen LUO, Mao-fei NI, Cheng-cheng FU, Run-yu ZHANG, Xiao-yong LUO, Zhi-kang WANG. Synergistic control of manganese and disinfection byproducts formation by potassium permanganate and polyaluminium chloride in water[J]. China Environmental Science, 2026 , 46 (3) : 1356 -1366 .
Appendix
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Year 2026 volume 46 Issue 3
95
13
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Article Info
  • Receive Date：2025-08-02
  • Online Date：2026-10-08
  • Published：2026-03-20
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History
  • Received：2025-08-02
Funding
Affiliations
    1.College of Eco-Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China
    2.Guizhou Provincial Environmental Monitoring Center, Guiyang 550009, China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550009, China
    4.Guiyang Water Environment Group Co., Ltd, Guiyang 550009, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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