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To reveal the microbial community structure and functional characteristics in different types of industrial wastewater treatment plants, this study selected three representative facilities in Xiamen—a food-processing plant, a semiconductor plant, and a comprehensive industrial park. Based on high-throughput sequencing and multiple analytical approaches, the diversity, community composition, and metabolic potential of activated sludge microorganisms were systematically compared. The results demonstrated that different types of industrial wastewater significantly influenced microbial community composition, with water quality parameters such as COD, TN, and TP playing critical roles in shaping community structure. While Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum shared across all three plants, Firmicutes, Patescibacteria, and Deinococcota were identified as characteristic phyla in the food, industrial park, and semiconductor plants, respectively. Functional gene prediction revealed distinct differences in the abundance of metabolic pathways among the plants, with the microbial community in the semiconductor plant showing notably lower abundance in pathways related to organic matter degradation. Overall, the structure and function of microbial communities were strongly driven by wastewater characteristics, and the identified key taxa provide a theoretical basis for optimizing industrial wastewater treatment systems.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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