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Outline
Most existing studies of VOCs based on single monitoring sites cannot fully characterize VOC transport and aging. Here, we conducted 45-day synchronous online VOC measurements in summer using GC-MS at an urban site in Suzhou (eastern Yangtze River Delta) and a downwind site on Xishan Island, Taihu Lake. Combined with positive matrix factorization (PMF), we investigated the sources and transport-aging processes of VOCs. The average φ(TVOCs) in urban Suzhou was 28.6×10-9, higher than 17.5×10-9 downwind. Urban VOCs were dominated by alkanes, whereas OVOCs and halocarbons showed larger fractions at the transport site. PMF revealed four factors (vehicle exhaust, gasoline evaporation, solvent use, and industrial emissions) with source profiles and temporal patterns consistent between sites, but all exhibited pronounced aging downwind, reflected by systematic increases in OVOC contributions. Biogenic emissions were also important downwind, where isoprene levels were 143.8% higher than urban values. Subtropical high-pressure systems with elevated temperatures and weak winds promoted O3 formation, whereas typhoon circulation mitigated O3 pollution via enhanced dispersion and wet deposition. Regional pollution episodes were driven by urban traffic emissions, especially during rush hours when primary pollutants peaked. During transport, primary VOCs underwent continuous aging with alkanes converting to OVOCs, further enhancing downwind O3 pollution. O3 and PM2.5 exhibited synchronized peaks, and SOA contributions in PM2.5 increased markedly. These findings demonstrate that traffic-related NOx and VOC emissions contribute to local O3 formation and, through aging during transport, drive regional O3 pollution, providing critical insights into compound air pollution mechanisms in the Yangtze River Delta.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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