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Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is a key component of aquatic ecosystems and the global carbon cycle. However, the lack of reference samples for endogenous freshwater DOM has hindered a deeper understanding of its environmental behavior and biogeochemical cycling. This study aims to provide a gram-scale, high-purity endogenous freshwater DOM reference sample. By employing an amplified solid-phase extraction method using modified styrene-divinylbenzene polymer resin-packed columns, 8tons of water from the central line project of South-to-North Water Diversion were processed, successfully yielding 13.12g of DOM, named as NSBD-DOM. A comprehensive suite of analytical techniques—including elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, excitation-emission matrix spectra, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and high-resolution mass spectrometry—was employed to systematically compare NSBD-DOM with Suwannee River Fulvic Acid (SRFA) from the International Humic Substances Society. The NSBD-DOM was predominantly composed of fulvic acid like components, exhibiting characteristic of carbohydrate anomeric carbon, alkenes/conjugated alkenes, and amino sugars. Compared to SRFA, NSBD-DOM exhibited lower molecular weight, condensation degree, and oxygen content, accompanied by lower levels of polyphenols and polycyclic aromatics. However, it showed a higher H/C ratio and higher nitrogen content, with elevated levels of unsaturated aliphatic compounds and highly unsaturated compounds. NSBD-DOM exhibits typical endogenous characteristics, it can serve as a unified reference for studies on DOM's environmental behavior, carbon cycling, and related research fields.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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