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The accuracy of particulate organic matter (POM) detection in sewage was established as the fundamental basis for the systematic characterization of water pollution features. A multi-dimensional synergistic pretreatment system was developed, through which efficient fragmentation and solubilization of POM were achieved by coupled energy field interactions—alkaline hydrolysis (chemical energy), thermal treatment (thermal energy), and ultrasonic cavitation (mechanical energy). This integrated approach was found to enhance sample homogeneity, thereby optimizing spectroscopic detection outcomes. Based on single-factor experimental results, Box-Behnken response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to conduct multi-parameter collaborative optimization of critical control parameters (pH, temperature, and ultrasonic energy) in the composite pretreatment process. The results indicated that: significant differential impacts of the treatments on POM disruption efficiency were observed. Ultrasonic treatment contributed more to TCOD detection accuracy (ACOD was improved from 60.8%±14.9% to 93.3%±3.7%) and total carbohydrate (TCHO) detection accuracy (ACHO was increased from 59.1%±9.6% to 97.9%±2.8%), while alkaline treatment showed superior optimization effects on total protein (TPN) detection accuracy (APN was enhanced from 32.7%±9.7% to 82.7%±3.9%); Optimal process parameters were obtained through RSM model optimization: pH=13.3, T=66.5℃, t=5min, under which enhanced detection accuracies of 96.1% for TCOD, 98.7% for TPN, and 97.5% for TCHO were achieved. The synergistic pretreatment method was demonstrated to have broad applicability across various wastewater scenarios, including primary pipeline sewage, influent of wastewater treatment plants, and effluent from biochemical reactors, effectively reducing detection duration while maintaining robust universality.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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