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Outline
Based on the 2020 emission inventory of 68 integrated cement plants in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, three emission reduction scenarios were developed using 37 technologies and the CALPUFF model, two exposure-response functions (IER and GEMM), and three economic valuation methods (Value of statistical life(VSL), Age-adjusted value of statistical life(A_VSL), Amended human capital(AHC))were employed to assess the PM2.5 reduction potential, concentration changes, and health impacts. The result demonstrated that under the technology-based reduction scenarios S1 and S2, the primary PM2.5 emissions from reduction technologies and the total PM2.5 concentration declined by 2.17‰~5.50‰ and 3.20%~12.10%, respectively. Under each scenario in three provinces, the avoidable deaths estimated by IER were about 60% of the result estimated by GEMM. Moreover, the avoided deaths under S1 and S2 in each city were 4%~5% and 9%~10% of the data under S0. The main beneficiary group of life extension years was concentrated in the 65+ and 70+ age groups, and the life extension years in Shijiazhuang, Baoding, and Tangshan contributed 57% of the total years in Hebei. Avoidable economic losses under S1were about 50% of those under S2 and only 5% of those under S0 (ideal scenario) which meant "zero emission"was realized in the cement industry. The value evaluated by VSL was highest, followed by the value evaluated by A_VSL and AHC. Taking the estimation of GEMM as an example, the avoidable economic loss in Beijing was the highest among the three provinces under three scenarios, whereas the avoidable economic loss evaluated by VSL and AHC in Hebei was higher than that in Beijing under S0 (4.489 billion yuan vs. 3.873 billion yuan; 0.36 billion yuan vs. 0.34 billion yuan).
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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