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The evolution trend and driving factors of per capita carbon inequality in china: A multidimensional analysis based on structural characteristics, technological progress, and efficiency optimization
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Ji-xin CHENG1, Xiao-hong CHEN1, 2, *, Chun-lei XIA1, Jin LIU3
China Environmental Science | 2026, 46(1) : 450 - 462
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China Environmental Science | 2026, 46(1): 450-462
• Carbon Emission Control •
The evolution trend and driving factors of per capita carbon inequality in china: A multidimensional analysis based on structural characteristics, technological progress, and efficiency optimization
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Ji-xin CHENG1, Xiao-hong CHEN1, 2, *, Chun-lei XIA1, Jin LIU3
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Business, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
  • 2.Xiangjiang Laboratory, Changsha 410205, China
  • 3.Dundee International Institute of Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
Published: 2026-01-20
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This study constructs a comprehensive framework for assessing regional carbon inequality by integrating and extending the logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) with production-theoretical decomposition analysis (PDA). Based on panel data from 273 Chinese cities (2006~2019), we examine the dynamic evolution and drivers of per capita carbon emission inequality from structural, technological, and efficiency perspectives. Results indicate significant carbon inequality in China, with the inequality index first decreasing from 15.18 (2006) to 14.51 (2008) before fluctuating upward to 22.59 (2019). Rising potential carbon intensity and shifts in regional economic structure were the main drivers of increased inequality, while regional economic growth, production efficiency improvements, and narrowing inter-city technology gaps helped mitigate it—though carbon reduction technologies showed no significant equalizing effect. Dynamic analysis reveals that potential carbon intensity fluctuations had the strongest impact on inequality changes, while technological progress and efficiency gains effectively curbed its rise. Regionally, the southern coast exhibited the highest carbon inequality, while the northwest had the lowest, with drivers varying in direction and intensity across regions.

per capita carbon emissions  /  carbon inequality level  /  index decomposition analysis  /  regional structural characteristics  /  technological changes  /  efficiency optimization
程继鑫, 陈晓红, 夏春雷, 刘堇. 中国人均碳不平等演进趋势及驱动因素研究——基于结构特征、技术进步与效率优化的多维分析. 中国环境科学, 2026 , 46 (1) : 450 -462 .
Ji-xin CHENG, Xiao-hong CHEN, Chun-lei XIA, Jin LIU. The evolution trend and driving factors of per capita carbon inequality in china: A multidimensional analysis based on structural characteristics, technological progress, and efficiency optimization[J]. China Environmental Science, 2026 , 46 (1) : 450 -462 .
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Year 2026 volume 46 Issue 1
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  • Receive Date：2025-06-25
  • Online Date：2026-10-08
  • Published：2026-01-20
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  • Received：2025-06-25
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Affiliations
    1.School of Business, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
    2.Xiangjiang Laboratory, Changsha 410205, China
    3.Dundee International Institute of Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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