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Outline
To evaluate the effects of organic fertilizer substitution on rice yield and soil quality under the conditions of equal nutrient substitution, a continuous six-year (2018~2023) field experiment was conducted. Using a no-fertilizer treatment as control (CK), this study examined the effects of chemical fertilizer (CF), 25% organic fertilizer substitution (COF25%), and 50% organic fertilizer substitution (COF50%) under low nitrogen application rates (135kg/hm2 in early rice season, 150kg/hm2 in late rice season) on rice biomass, yield, and soil properties. Results showed that compared with CK, fertilization promoted rice plant growth, enhanced nitrogen uptake, and increased yield. However, no significant differences (P>0.05) were observed in rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency, or partial factor productivity of nitrogen between CF and COF. Organic fertilizer substitution significantly increased soil organic carbon (SOC) by 8.40%~13.04% compared to CK. Moreover, the extent of SOC improvement increased with higher organic fertilizer substitution rates. All fertilization treatments significantly increased soil total phosphorus (24.30%~33.33%) and available potassium (25.60%~35.20%) contents. COF50% treatment resulted in a 18.18% significant increase in total nitrogen (TN) compared to CK. Analysis using the soil quality index area method revealed that soil quality improved with increasing organic fertilizer substitution rates. The soil quality index area values for COF25% and COF50% treatments were 88.81% and 222.40% higher, respectively, than that of the CF treatment. In conclusion, 25%~50% organic fertilizer substitution ensured normal rice growth and stable yield while enhancing soil quality through increased SOC content.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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