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Using panel data for 31 provinces from 2007 to 2022, this study applied the super-efficiency Slack-Based Measure (SBM) model to measure agricultural water use efficiency under the constraint of decoupling economic growth from water resource consumption. Spatial dynamics were assessed using Moran's I index in ArcGIS, while the Random Forest model was employed to identify key influencing factors and their nonlinear effects. The results showed that China's agricultural water use efficiency exhibited a fluctuating yet overall upward trend, with a spatial distribution pattern characterized by "higher in the east and south, lower in the west and north." The overall pattern was found to demonstrate significant spatial autocorrelation, with spatial agglomeration increasingly strengthened. At the local scale, a clear southeast-northwest differentiation was observed, where hotspots expanded toward the west and south, and cold spots shifted from the north toward the northeast. Economic development level and water resource endowment were identified as having greater impacts on agricultural water use efficiency than technological investment and cropping structure. Specifically, the effects of economic development, technological progress, and capital investment followed a stepwise upward pattern, whereas the influence of water resource endowment displayed a "decline-increase-stabilization" trajectory. Furthermore, provinces dominated by rice and maize cultivation were found to have greater potential for efficiency improvement than those dominated by wheat cultivation. Policy recommendations were proposed, including the promotion of smart irrigation in high-efficiency regions, the enhancement of water-saving infrastructure and optimization of cropping patterns in low-efficiency regions, the sharing of best practices in hotspot areas, and the strengthening of governance and structural adjustment in coldspot regions.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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