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Outline
Both unsuitable temperatures and air pollution increase the health risks of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). To evaluate the single-effect effects of temperature, PM2.5 and O3, as well as the the interaction effects of temperature and PM2.5 (or O3) and the interaction effects of PM2.5 and O3, COPD hospital admissions among residents in Tianjin from 2014 to 2019 were collected for quantitative analysis using the generalized additive model. The results indicated that temperature significantly influenced COPD hospitalizations in Tianjin, with the low-temperature effect markedly stronger than the high-temperature effect. Low temperatures exerted a greater impact on females and the elderly. At maximum lag effects, every 10μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 and O3 concentrations was associated with 1.23% (95% CI: 0.79%, 1.67%) and 0.90% (95% CI: 0.58%, 1.23%) rise in COPD hospitalization risk, respectively. Interaction analysis revealed synergistic effects between low temperatures and high PM2.5 levels, as well as between high temperatures and elevated O3 concentrations.Moreover, at high temperatures, as the concentration of PM2.5 increases, the risk of hospitalization for COPD caused by O3 exposure will increase. Given the increasing frequency of extreme weather events, greater attention should be directed to the combined health risks of non-optimal temperatures and air pollution for COPD. Measures such as early warning systems and preemptive interventions are recommended.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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