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This study designed and operated two sets of A2/O-self-forming dynamic membrane reactors: one with aeration inside the membrane module and the other without aeration (control group). The dynamic membrane structure, membrane fouling, and treatment efficiency of both systems were systematically investigated. The results showed that the permeate flux and treatment efficiency were comparable between the two systems during the initial operational stage. However, as operation duration increased, the control group gradually developed a dynamic layer dominated by anoxic/anaerobic sludge, whereas the aerated group formed a dynamic layer with an alternating aerobic-anoxic-anaerobic structure. Compared to the control group, the aerated system developed a porous, network-like dynamic layer composed primarily of filamentous aerobic sludge, which significantly improved permeate flux and extended operational duration by nearly 40%. Furthermore, the extensive anoxic/anaerobic zones in the control group's dynamic membrane led to the death of aerobic microorganisms and the subsequent release of organic nitrogen and phosphorus. Consequently, the effluent concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus exhibited a gradual increase over time. In contrast, the aerated group maintained higher microbial activity in its dynamic layer, and the alternating aerobic-anoxic-anaerobic activated sludge configuration facilitated simultaneous nitrification-denitrification, significantly reducing effluent concentrations of both ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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