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The effects of in-situ coverage of aluminum oxide (Al group) and iron oxide (Fe group) on phosphorus release from Erhai Lake sediments were evaluated through an indoor laboratory study. Base on sediment total phosphorus (TP), phosphorus forms, dissolved organic matter (DOM), and sediment water interface characteristic parameters, the differences and mechanisms of phosphorus control effects between the two materials were analyzed. The results showed that compared to the control group (CK group), both the Al and Fe groups significantly inhibited the maximum release amount (Qmax) of TP and reactive phosphorus (SRP), reducing them by 42.61% and 40.64% for TP, 45.04% and 46.29% for SRP, respectively. The downward migration and burial of TP in sediments were promoted by both types of material coverage, while the transformation of active phosphorus in upper sediments (weakly adsorbed phosphorus (NH4Cl-P), reducible phosphorus (BD-P), and metal-oxide bound phosphorus (NaOH-P)) into inert phosphorus, namely(calcium bound phosphorus (HCl-P) and insoluble phosphorus (Residual-P), was simultaneously enhanced , thereby reducing the direct source of phosphorus release from sediments. The changes in DOM content in the Al and Fe groups followed the same trend as TP content. The molecular weight and aromatic structural complexity of DOM increased in both groups, and the mineralization rate of DOM was inhibited. The degree of DOM humification was enhanced in the Fe group, while the opposite trend was observed in the Al group, where phosphorus release produced by DOM decomposition was reduced. The diffusion boundary layer (DBL) thickness, oxidation-reduction potential (Eh), and decay rate of the sediment water interface in both the Al and Fe groups were all increased. Oxygen penetration depth (OPD) was markedly greater in Fe group than in the CK group, whereas it was lower in the Al group. Overall both materials changed the interface thickness and oxidation environment, increasing the channel resistance for phosphorus release from sediments. These findings demonstrate that both alumina and iron oxide can effectively control phosphorus release from lake sediments, although through distinct mechanisms, providing a scientific basis for selecting in-situ remediation materials in eutrophic lake sediments.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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