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The aims of this study are to assess the high-value characteristics of vermicompost products derived from organic wastes and to explore their potential as bio-organic fertilizers. For this purpose, 8 samples of sludge-based vermicompost and 16 samples of cow manure-based vermicompost were collected to compare their nutrient content, dissolved organic matter (DOM) characteristics, microbial community structure, and ecological functions. The results showed that both types of vermicompost were rich in water-soluble nitrogen and phosphorus, however, only half of the samples met the organic matter content standard specified in the “Organic Fertilizers” (NY/T525). Cow manure-based vermicompost was weakly alkaline, while sludge-based vermicompost was acidic. The content of humic substances in sludge-based vermicompost was 40.3% significantly higher than that in cow manure- based vermicompost (P<0.01), and the biochemical index and freshness index of DOM in sludge-based vermicompost were significantly higher than those in cow manure-based vermicompost (P<0.001). Additionally, the Chao1index and Shannon index in cow manure-based vermicompost were 1.31 times and 1.10 times higherthan those in sludge-based vermicompost (P<0.001), respectively. Moreover, significant differences in β-diversity of microbial community were observed between two types of vermicompost (P<0.01), particularly in the dominant bacterial genera. The dominant bacterial phyla in both types of vermicompost were Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Actinobacteria.Functional prediction indicated that the carbon and nitrogen cycling functions of microorganisms in sludge-based vermicompost were more abundant than in cow manure-based vermicompost. In conclusion, the DOM characteristics and microbial community structure in vermicomposts are closely related to theirsource type, with sludge-based vermicompost showing superior nutrient and humic substance content, relative to cow manure-based vermicompost.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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