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Based on the long-series normalized vegetation index (NDVI) and climate, topographic and human activity factor data, this study studied the dynamic change characteristics and temporal stability of vegetation NDVI in China's first-class watersheds from 2000~2022 by using Theil-Sen Media trend analysis+Mann-Kendall test, geographic detector and temporal stability, and identified the representative sub-watersheds of nine first-class watersheds in China. The findings indicated that: in terms of time, the NDVI values of vegetation in the nine major river basins of China showed a significant upward trend. Among them, the Yellow River Basin had the highest growth rate of 0.0052a-1, followed by the Songliao River Basin with a growth rate of 0.0032a-1, while the Huaihe River Basin had the lowest growth rate, at only 0.0010a-1. Spatially, the NDVI of vegetation exhibited a declining trend from the southeast to the northwest, and the vegetation change was mainly improved, accounting for 52.02%, and the flow between different levels of vegetation cover was mainly to the higher grades. The representative sub-basins of vegetation stability in the major river basins of China are as follows: Southwest River Basins (No. 35 Lancang River Basin), Inland River Basins (No. 15 Tarim River Basin), Yangtze River Basin (No. 8 Han River Basin), Southeast River Basins (No. 24 Min River Basin), Huai River Basin (No. 16 Yi River Basin), Hai River Basin (No. 32 Daqing River Basin), Songliao River Basin (No. 21 Songhua River Basin), Pearl River Basin (No. 12 Xijiang River Basin), and Yellow River Basin (No. 7 Fen River Basin). Based on the mutation methods of different river basins, it was concluded that the ordered clustering method and the sliding T-test were more suitable for the detection of vegetation change mutations in most of the river basins, among which the Pettt test was suitable for the southeast river basins, the Haihe River, inland rivers, Songliao River and Yangtze River basins, the Huaihe River and Southwest river basins were suitable for the ordered clustering method and the sliding T-test method, and the Yellow River basin was suitable for the sliding T-test.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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