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Outline
Analyzing the spatiotemporal variation and influencing mechanisms of dry deposition is crucial for identifying pollution sources, atmospheric pollution control, soil environmental management, and agricultural pollution prevention. Focusing on the Xiangjiang River Basin, a vital grain producing region in China, this study estimated PM2.5 dry deposition fluxes using empirical parameterization formulas and multi-source data, including remote sensing PM2.5 concentrations, ERA5 reanalysis meteorological data, and ground-based monitoring. The long-term spatiotemporal characteristics of dry deposition across the basin and three zones delineated by three lines for land use (agricultural zones, ecological preservation zones, and urban development zones) were investigated. Furthermore, the random forest model was employed to quantify the contributions of influencing factors and elucidated the dominant mechanisms driving dry deposition. Results show thatthe dry deposition fluxes presented a spatial pattern of high in the north and central areas, low in the south and periphery. Urban development zones had the highest dry deposition flux (1.42g/m2), followed by agricultural zones (1.06g/m2) and ecological preservation zones (0.80g/m2). Since 2000, dry deposition fluxes have shown a declining trend at a rate of -0.017g/(m2·a), with significant decreases in high PM2.5 concentration areas. Residential emissions (2.43±0.04), air temperature (0.71±0.01), industrial emissions (0.69±0.02), and relative humidity (0.59±0.01) were identified as dominant factors influencing PM2.5 dry deposition. Considering the spatial heterogeneity of mechanisms in influencing factors, tailored atmospheric pollution control measures are recommended to achieve targeted pollution mitigation.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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