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The Hanjiang River, the largest tributary of the Yangtze River, is crucial for sustaining socio-economic production and human livelihoods in its basin due to its sound aquatic ecological conditions. This study analyzed aquatic ecological survey data from the middle-lower reaches of the Hanjiang River during the dry season (April) and wet season (August) of 2023. Fifty-four candidate metrics were calculated across multiple dimensions, including community composition, biodiversity, pollution tolerance, and functional traits. Unlike traditional biotic integrity index methods, this study did not establish reference sites. Core metrics were screened through statistical analyses (zero-value distribution) and correlation analyses (sensitivity and redundancy analyses), significantly simplifying the screening process. The Index of Biotic Integrity of Benthic Macroinvertebrate (B-IBI) was validated via correlation analysis with reference metrics. Results indicated higher macroinvertebrate biodiversity during the wet season compared to the dry season, with an overall "fair" biotic integrity status. In the dry season, 53.8% of sampling sites were classified as "fair", while 53.8% achieved "good" status during the wet season. Regression analysis identified pH, total phosphorus (TP), and water temperature (WT) as significant factors influencing B-IBI. This systematic assessment provides foundational data for ecological conservation and restoration in the Hanjiang River Basin.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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