Reclaimed water is an important irrigation source in the agricultural field, but it contains antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), which are potential pollutants. There have been relatively few reports on the influence of reclaimed water irrigation volume on the level of soil antibiotic resistance. This study constructed a controlled experiment and conducted a comparative analysis of the above issues using metagenomic analysis. The results showed that a total of 442 ARGs belonging to 27 ARG types were identified in the reclaimed water-soil irrigation system. The abundance of ARGs in in reclaimed water irrigation soil increased by 4.04% -28.62%, with the greatest increases in the abundance of colistin, β-lactam, and multidrug resistance genes. During the irrigation process, the abundance, diversity, and risk of soil ARGs, as well as the contribution of reclaimed water, exhibit anoverall fluctuating trend of first increasing and then decreasing. High irrigation volume enhanced the level of soil antibiotic resistance, which was especially evident in the middle stage of irrigation. However, due to soil matrix and recovery capacity, the difference in irrigation volume did not significantly affect the antibiotic resistance of irrigated soil throughout the entire process (variance analysis, P>0.1). Network analysis and variance partitioning analysis (VPA) indicatedthat microbial communities are the main factor affecting the transmission of ARGs in reclaimed water-irrigated soil, while high irrigation volume increased the contribution of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) represented by the integrator intI1, to the transmission of ARGs, resulting in a significant weakening of source characteristics. The research results provide fundamental theoretical support for understanding the spread of antibiotic resistance in reclaimed water and soil, and offer scientific guidance for the risk prevention and control of soil antibiotic resistance and the utilization of reclaimed water.