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Outline
To identify the key extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) fractions and elucidate the microbial mechanisms driving foaming in high solid anaerobic digestion (HSAD) of food waste, organic loading rate (OLR) perturbations were introduced in a semi-continuous anaerobic digestion (AD) reactor to induce the foaming phenomenon. The responses of physicochemical parameters and microbial community structure were systematically investigated. The results indicated that foaming height was positively correlated with hydrophobic proteins in soluble EPS, as well as with hydrophobic humic substances (HU) and hydrophobic proteins (PN) in total EPS. This suggests that these three EPS fractions are potential key contributors associated with foaming. Microbial analyses revealed a significant positive correlation between the abundance of Fastidiosipila, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, W5053, and W5 genera with foaming height and the concentrations of key EPS fractions (P≤0.05), indicating their role as key microorganisms contributing to AD foaming. Additionally, multivariate statistical analyses of physicochemical and microbial parameters indicated that, the continuous increase in OLR stimulated the accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFA), which in turn promoted the proliferation of Fastidiosipila, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, W5053, and W5. These microorganisms subsequently synthesized substantial amounts of key EPS fractions in response to environmental stress. The over-secreted EPS were oriented and arranged on the surface of bubbles, enhancing the mechanical strength of the liquid membrane and slowing down bubble rupture. Unlike other key microorganisms that primarily act in the liquid phase, W5 also migrated with the bubbles to the foam layer, further promoting foam stabilization by secreting hydrophobic HU. This study provides a theoretical basis for developing defoaming strategies for AD systems treating food waste.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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