Based on the 90th percentile of the maximum 8-hour ozone daily sliding average (O₃-8h-90) from 2015 to 2020, exposure risk assessment, health risk assessment, spatial autocorrelation analysis, and correlation analysis methods were used to study the spatialtemporal characteristics of O₃ exposure and health risk in Chinese 337 cities. Moreover, the inequality in provincial exposure and health risk was analyzed using the Gini coefficient, and the two-dimensional partition grade of O₃ exposure-health inequality was established. The results showed that the spatialtemporal characteristics of O₃ exposure risk and premature mortality exhibited similar regional and temporal trends from 2015 to 2020, with hotspot areas highly coincident and primarily concentrated in central and eastern China. The Pearson correlation coefficients between O₃ exposure risk and premature mortality for each year ranged from 0.841 to 0.856, indicating a significant positive correlation, with an increase in exposure risk leading to a rise in premature mortality. The Gini coefficients for O₃ exposure risk (G_e) and health risk (G_h) ranged from 0.1430 to 0.5090 and 0.1020 to 0.5600, respectively, showing a wide range of values, which suggests a significant inequality in the distribution of O₃ exposure and health risks across different regions of the country. The Pearson correlation coefficients between G_e and G_h ranged from 0.563 to 0.728 each year, indicating that inequality in exposure risk significantly exacerbates the uneven distribution of health risk. To further reduce regional disparities in exposure and health risks, the provinces were classified into four categories: "Double Imbalance Zones", "Exposure Dominant Zones", "Health Vulnerable Zones", and "Balanced Development Zones". A zoning governance plan was proposed to provide policy recommendations for precise governance and resource allocation.