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This study attempted to clarify the effects of microbial inoculants combined with sheep manure on species composition, community diversity, and functional structure of soil fungi in a moderately degraded alpine meadow in the source region of "Three Rivers". The changes in plant community and soil fungal community characteristics in the meadow after fertilization with both microbial agents and sheep manure were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing, correlation analysis, and FUNGuild function prediction techniques. The results showed that: Aboveground biomass, underground biomass, coverage and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of the plant community were significantly increased compared with the control (Y0K0). The YK1 (sheep manure: 1500kg/hm2, microbial inoculum: 250kg/hm2), Y2K1 (sheep manure: 3000kg/hm2). Microbial agent: 250kg/hm2), and Y3K1treatment (sheep manure: 6000kg/hm2, microbial agent: 250kg/hm2) all significantly improved plant diversity and biomass; Compared with the control, the number of OTU, Shannon index, Ace index, Chao1index and Pielou index of the soil fungal community were significantly increased aftr fertilization with both microbial inoculum and sheep manure, with improved fungal network complexity, and a mostly positively correlated network. Ascomycetes, Mortierella and Basidiomycetes were identified as the key species of the rhizosphere fungi community in the degraded alpine meadow; Redundancy analysis revealed a significant correlation between fungal community structure and soil electrical conductivity in all the 12 treatments (P<0.05). The first and second axes achieved an explanatory rate of 33.46% and 7.74% in characterizing the fungal and plant community structure and soil physical and chemical traits, respectively, and SEC was identified as the main factor driving the change of the rhizosphere fungal community in the degraded alpine meadow; Compared with the control (Y0K0), all fertilization treatments increased the abundance of Unkdown fungi, Endophyte-Litter Saprotroph-Soil Saprotroph-Undefined Saprotroph while reducing Undefined Saprotroph, Animal Pathogen-Dung Saprotroph. Endophyte- Epiphyte- Plant Saprotroph-Wood Saprotropl and Animal Pathogen-Undefined Saprotroph. To sum up, all fertilization treatments using both microbial agents and sheep manure promoted the recovery of soil fungi in the degraded alpine meadow and improved soil fungal flora, with the Y2K1treatment (3000kg sheep manure plus 250kg microbial agents per hectare) being the most effective.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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