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In this study, the soils of Larix gmelini forest after fire in the middle recovery period were selected as the research object. Illumina MiSeq technology and phospholipid fatty acid method (PLFAs) were used to determine and analyze the community composition and diversity of soil bacteria and fungi after different intensities of fire. Random forest regression model and partial least squares structural equation modeling were used to screen key microbial species and evaluate the effects of soil physicochemical properties on microorganisms. The results showed that soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and total nitrogen (TN) in the middle recovery period after fire were significantly higher than those in the unburned forest (P<0.05), while moisture content (MC) and soil available potassium (AK) content were significantly reduced (P<0.05); the Shannon index of soil bacteria in low and moderate fire disturbance was significantly reduced (P<0.05), the Shannon index of soil fungi in low and high fire disturbance was significantly increased (P<0.05), there was no significant difference in the content of soil bacterial biomass and total microbial biomass in moderate fire disturbance (P>0.05); the relative abundance of dominant bacterial phyla in soil bacteria in the middle recovery period after fire did not change significantly (P>0.05), the relative abundance of Basidiomycota increased significantly (P<0.05), while Ascomycota decreased significantly (P<0.05); PCoA and PLS-SEM results showed that the Beta diversity of soil microorganisms was significantly different (P=0.001). Fire disturbance significantly changed soil organic carbon (SOC) (-1.27), AK (-0.91) and fungal composition (-0.68), MBC significantly changed bacterial composition (0.29), and SOC content significantly changed bacterial composition (0.77), bacterial biomass (0.86), bacterial diversity (-0.98) and fungal composition (-0.68). The study found that after the fire, the diversity, composition and biomass of soil bacteria and fungi in the cold temperate Larix gmelini forest had not recovered to the state before the fire after the recovery of the mid-term, and SOC was the main influencing factor.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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