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Outline
In this paper, a novel iron-based nanocomposite lignin hydrogel (FeS@LH) was synthesized and applied to the activation of perdisulfate (PDS). Through the characterization of the material, it is found that the unique three-dimensional (3D) structure of the lignin hydrogel is helpful to the dispersion of sulfide nano-zero-valent iron particles (FeS particles) and increase the leakage site of FeS. This three-dimensional structure not only provides more attachment sites for FeS, PDS and pollutants, but also accelerates the electron transfer between FeS and PDS, thus promoting the degradation of pollutants. The experimental results show that FeS@LH has excellent performance in PDS activation. Under the condition of 0.1g/L catalyst and 1mmol/L PDS, 10mg/L IMI (100mL) can be completely degraded in 120minutes. Quenching experiments and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra show that SO4·- and OH· are the main active species for IMI degradation in FeS@LH/PDS system. In addition, FeS@LH can effectively activate PDS to degrade IMI in the presence of inorganic anions and natural organic matter (HA). The degradation products of IMI were identified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS-MS) system, and two possible degradation pathways were proposed. The toxicity prediction results show that IMI can eventually be converted into a non-toxic product. FeS@LH was able to maintain a certain degradation efficiency after three cycles of testing, while exhibiting low metal leaching characteristics. Study results provide new ideas for the development of efficient degradation of pesticide pollutants.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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