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Using meteorological station observations, ERA5-L and reanalysis data, and Landsat remote sensing imagery from 2010 to 2023, we analysed the spatiotemporal characteristics of dust storms in the Ebinur Lake Basin of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomeus Region, northwest China. The generalized grey correlation model was applied to quantitatively assess the influence of surface wind speed, soil moisture, and vegetation coverage on the frequency of dust storm occurrences. The results showed an overall upward trend in dust storm days during 2010~2023 (+0.08d/a). In particular, there was a significant increase from 2010 to 2014 (+0.60d/a), followed by a short decline from 2014 to 2017 (-0.70d/a), and a rise after 2018(+0.31d/a). Spring was identified as the peak season for dust storm occurrences, with a lower frequency observed in summer and autumn, and no recorded events in winter. Spatially, the Jinghe meteorological station emerged as the high-frequency centre over the past 14 years. Compared with the late 20th century, the standard deviation of annual dust storm days across the five meteorological stations decreased by 88.42%, indicating a substantial reduction in regional disparities. It revealed that surface wind speed was the most critical driver of dust storms. Soil moisture was the second most influential factor, showing a distinct seasonal lag effect, while vegetation coverage exerted a comparatively minor influence on dust storm occurrence.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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