Full
Outline
To explore the impact of the increase in new energy vehicles, such as LNG heavy-duty trucks and hybrid vehicles, on tunnel ventilation and to address the issue of ventilation flow calculation discrepancies caused by insufficient consideration of their emission characteristics in current design codes, this study builds a tunnel vehicle baseline emission factor library and a refined tunnel ventilation calculation method based on the emission characteristics of new energy vehicles. Factors such as slope and vehicle fleet composition are taken into account. The study uses the Huayan Tunnel as a case study and calculates the required ventilation flow for different penetration rates of new energy vehicles based on the updated emission factor library. The results are then compared with those obtained using the existing ventilation calculation methods. The results indicate that the refined method significantly improves the accuracy of the required ventilation flow calculation. When the design year is set to 2030, the required ventilation flow for NO2 dilution is 305.5% higher than that calculated using the International Tunnel Ventilation Report (PIARC 2019) method, while the required ventilation flow for CO and VI dilution decreases by 10% and 6.5%, respectively. Additionally, for every 10% increase in LNG heavy-duty truck penetration, the required ventilation flow for NO2 dilution increases by approximately 55%. In contrast, the impact of hybrid and pure electric vehicles on the required ventilation flow is negligible. The traditional design codes, which focus on CO and VI as the main control indicators, are no longer applicable to fleet structures with a rapidly increasing proportion of new energy vehicles. The required ventilation flow for NO2 dilution will become a key control indicator for future tunnel ventilation design.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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