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Outline
From the perspective of water quality-algae coupling, this study investigates the evolution of water quality and algal responses in the upper Xin'an River Basin in Anhui Province from August 2022 to April 2023. Multivariate statistical analyses identified the key drivers of water quality changes, and the relationships between water quality characteristics and algal indicators were explored. A composite algal indicator was developed to serve as an indicator of water ecological health, which includes [algal turbidity (AT) and algal dominance index (ADI)], elucidating its mechanisms in water quality assessment. Furthermore, a conceptual model integrating water quality and algal responses was proposed for comprehensive water quality identification. The results show that: (1) Water quality in the study area was primarily classified as Category Ⅲ (67.9%), with an average water quality index (WQI) of 81.61 (ranging from 55.42 to 90.83), signifying good quality overall. However, significant deterioration occurred between February and April 2023, with the WQI dropping to 76.09, highlighting the need for improved identification and protection measures. (2) Water temperature (WT), dissolved oxygen (DO), and nutrient concentrations were the primary factors driving water quality changes, with Spearman correlation coefficients reaching 0.72 (P≤0.01). (3) AT and ADI were effective composite indicators in rapidly identifying water quality degradation and ecosystem health. (4) The conceptual water quality identification model, constructed based on sensory characteristics, organic matter characteristics, and algal response, addresses the limitations of existing water quality standards, which often overlook biological indicators and degradation processes. These findings provide a scientific basis for identification and protecting the aquatic ecological environment of the Xin'an River Basin and offer insights into improving and innovating traditional monitoring systems.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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