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Optimization and development of enrichment protocols for residual organic matter in reclaimed water—targeting organic micropollutants and biotoxicity assessment
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Yong-kun WANG1, Yu YAO2, Zhen LEI2, Xiao-yan MA2, Rong CHEN2, *, Xiao-chang WANG2, Guang-sheng ZHANG1
China Environmental Science | 2025, 45(8) : 4311 - 4321
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China Environmental Science | 2025, 45(8): 4311-4321
• Water Pollution Control •
Optimization and development of enrichment protocols for residual organic matter in reclaimed water—targeting organic micropollutants and biotoxicity assessment
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Yong-kun WANG1, Yu YAO2, Zhen LEI2, Xiao-yan MA2, Rong CHEN2, *, Xiao-chang WANG2, Guang-sheng ZHANG1
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Environment and Tourism, West Anhui University, Lùan 237000, China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
Published: 2025-08-20
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Targeting the challenges in organic micropollutants (OMPs) detection and biotoxicity assessment, this study systematically evaluated four water pretreatment approaches and seven activated elution solvent combinations to improve the enrichment efficiency of residual organic matter in reclaimed water. The optimized procedure comprised: acidification to pH 2.5 with 5% (V/V) methanol addition; sequential SPE using HLB (500mg/6mL) and LC-18 (500mg/6mL) cartridges for broad-spectrum retention; ternary elution with 10mL methanol, 10mL ethyl acetate, and hexane (1:1V/V) to achieve polarity-balanced desorption. The optimized approach achieved 88% dissolved organic carbon (DOC) recovery, representing a 1.3~15.9-fold enhancement in OMPs recovery across compounds with logKow values ranging from 1.8 to 5.7 compared to conventional methanol-based methods. Notably, the optimized protocol reduced the sample volume required to reach EC50 in acute toxicity assays by 4.4-fold. The optimized method developed in this study significantly enhanced detection sensitivity and precision.

reclaimed water  /  solid phase extraction (SPE)  /  dissolved organic matter  /  organic micropollutants (OMPs)  /  biotoxicity
王永坤, 姚宇, 雷振, 马晓妍, 陈荣, 王晓昌, 张广胜. 再生水残余有机物富集浓缩方法的优化与构建——以微量有机污染物和生物毒性检测为导向. 中国环境科学, 2025 , 45 (8) : 4311 -4321 .
Yong-kun WANG, Yu YAO, Zhen LEI, Xiao-yan MA, Rong CHEN, Xiao-chang WANG, Guang-sheng ZHANG. Optimization and development of enrichment protocols for residual organic matter in reclaimed water—targeting organic micropollutants and biotoxicity assessment[J]. China Environmental Science, 2025 , 45 (8) : 4311 -4321 .
Year 2025 volume 45 Issue 8
76
14
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  • Receive Date:2025-01-08
  • Online Date:2026-10-08
  • Published:2025-08-20
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  • Received:2025-01-08
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Affiliations
    1.School of Environment and Tourism, West Anhui University, Lùan 237000, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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