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To efficiently remove Cd (II) from water, this study prepared a novel adsorbent by compositing hydrochloric acid-activated attapulgite with hydrochar and in-situ loading iron-manganese bimetallic oxides. The material was characterized by SEM-EDS, XPS, XRD, FTIR, and BET, revealing the synergistic chemisorption of Cd (II) by iron-manganese oxides and functional groups such as hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. The optimally proportioned adsorbent exhibited a maximum Cd (II) adsorption capacity of 66.8mg/g. The adsorption process followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir model, indicating predominantly monolayer chemisorption. After five adsorption-desorption cycles, the material retained approximately 75% of its initial adsorption capacity, demonstrating excellent regeneration performance. These experimental results provide a reliable technical basis for low-cost, highly efficient, and reusable remediation of heavy metals in water bodies.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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