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Outline
Based on the statistical data of environmental emergencies directly dispatched by the Ministry of Ecology and Environment from 2005 to 2022, this study used the standard deviation ellipse and mean center to explore the spatiotemporal variability of environmental emergencies, the results showed that the total quantity of environmental emergencies in China exhibited a downward tendency. The spatial mean center of environmental emergencies moved to the southwest of China, spanning a total distance of 734 kilometers in the past 17years, Hubei and Shanxi provinces had replaced Zhejiang, Guangdong and Jiangsu provinces as new high-incidence regions. Through the analysis of the characteristics of environmental emergencies, including the causes, pollution media and pollutants, it is found that production safety accidents were the primary cause of environmental emergencies, accounting for 45.12% of the total, followed by traffic accidents, which had surpassed production safety accidents in proportion over the past two years. Water pollution incidents were the most frequent environmental emergencies, and among the particularly major and the major environmental emergencies, water pollution incidents accounted for about 77.55%. Petroleum and heavy metals were two common pollutants in environmental emergencies, accounting for 16.31% and 5.88% of the total incidents, respectively. In the major and above level environmental emergencies, the proportion of heavy metals was higher than that of petroleum.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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