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A total of 24 sediment samples were collected from the Yellow River Zhengzhou Section to explore the influence of confluence on the distribution and pollution of microplastics in the sediments of the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. To investigate the pollution distribution characteristics of microplastics, quantitative and qualitative analysis were conducted by using stereomicroscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy method. Subsequently, cluster analysis was performed to examine the relationship of the microplastics pollution distribution between the main and tributary streams. The results showed that the mean values of microplastic abundance in the sediments were (1340.97 ± 314.84) n/kg and (2372.22 ± 604.17) n/kg during the wet season and dry season, respectively. Overall, the abundance of microplastics showed a trend of higher tributary than main stream, and higher downstream than upstream. Among them, fibrous microplastics accounted for the highest proportion, and dominated by blue, black, and transparent, with the majority of the particle size less than 2mm. The main polymer type was polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and the waste water discharges from washing and household waste disposal were identified as the major sources. Moreover, increased diversity in shapes and types of microplastic were observed after confluence, with a reduction in the fraction of the dominant colours (blue, black, clear) and an expansion in the proportion of small particle sizes (<2mm). This indicates that the tributaries, as the source, contributed to the composition and distribution of microplastics in the main stream sediments after confluence, even affecting their migration.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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