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This study analyzed the soils from riparian zones with different water level elevations in the Chongqing metropolitan area. The effects of soil Fe/Mn minerals and aggregate composition/stability on nitrogen and phosphorus under different urbanization levels and water level elevations were investigated by methods including wet sieving of aggregates, selective extraction, regression analysis and structural equation modeling. The results showed that no significant differences in iron and manganese speciation across urbanization or water level elevation gradients, with the riparian soils mainly composed of free iron oxide and amorphous manganese oxide. The composition and stability of soil aggregates exhibited significant differences across different urbanization and water level elevation gradients. The >2mm aggregates and aggregate stability increased with increasing water level elevation, while the<0.053mm aggregates exhibited an inverse relationship. At 165m water level elevation, county areas exhibited higher proportions of the >2mm aggregates and greater aggregate stability compared to the metropolitan core. TN and TP were significantly varied in different urbanized areas, with higher levels observed in the metropolitan core compared to county areas. TN, AN and AP increased with the increase of aggregate stability in the metropolitan core, whereas TP decreased with the increase of aggregate stability in the county areas. The content of TN, TP, AN and AP were (756.33±198.27)mg/kg, (399.97±108.25)mg/kg, (27.84±15.58)mg/kg and (15.03±11.15)mg/kg, respectively. The structural equation modeling results showed that soil pH regulated nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics in the riparian zone mainly by influencing the speciation of Fe, Mn minerals and the stability of the aggregates. In conclusion, the risks of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution in the metropolitan core are higher than that in the county areas, whereas water level elevation exhibited no significant impact on the pollution across the study area. Stabilized soil aggregates and Fe, Mn oxides can effectively immobilize nitrogen and phosphorus, thereby mitigating water pollution risks.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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