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This study collected the surface soil samples (0~10cm) from the freshwater (salinity: 0) and mesohaline (salinity:10~15) P. australis marshes in the six main estuaries in China, which are the Liao River Estuary, Yellow River Estuary, Yangtze River Estuary, Oujiang River Estuary, Minjiang River Estuary, and Pearl River Estuary. The production rates of soil CH4 and CO2 were measured using laboratory anaerobic slurry incubation method, and the extracellular enzyme activity and abundance of methanogen functional genes (mcrA) were also measured. Mean CH4 production rate in the freshwater and saltwater P. australis marshes was (2.69±1.63) and (2.97±1.71) ng CH4/(g·d), respectively. Mean CO2 production rate was (7.64±4.94)and (10.28±6.84)µg CO2/(g·d), respectively. CO2 production rate in the freshwater P. australis marshes was significantly lower than that in mesohaline P. australis marshes, but no significant difference in CH4 production rate was observed between freshwater and mesohaline marshes. Soil pH and soil organic carbon (SOC) content were identified as the main factors influencing extracellular enzyme activity and methanogen abundance. A decrease in pH led to a significant reduction in the production rates of CH4 and CO2. Total carbon, total nitrogen, SOC, activity of five extracellular enzymes, and abundance of mcrA were identified as the key factors influencing CH4 and CO2 production. Our research results suggest that across the Chinese coastal estuarine freshwater and mesohaline P. australis marshes, salinity is not a main factor controlling CH4 production, however, the increase in salinity perhaps raise soil anaerobic mineralization rates, which indicates that sea level rise and saltwater intrusion will cause carbon emission increase from estuarine P. australis marshes.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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