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In this study, the components of dissolved organic matter (DOM) during the anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic (A2O) biological wastewater treatment process was analyzed by using fluorescence emission excitation matrix combined with parallel factor analysis(3D EEMs-PARAFAC), and the generation of nitrous oxide (N2O) in each unit was also quantified. Additionally, machine learning model was employed to further predict the response relationship between DOM components and N2O generation. Results showed that DOM in the influent of the wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) was primarily composed of four components, including tryptophan (C1), fulvic acid (C2), humic acid (C3), and tyrosine (C4), while C1 and C4 being the dominant components. The concentration of DOM decreased progressively throughout the treatment process, while the removal efficiency of readily biodegradable DOM (such as C1and C4) were significantly higher than that of C2 and C3. N2O emission was the major component of direct carbon emissions and showed significant spatial heterogeneity. The N2O emission amount of each unit ranked from high to low were observed in the following order: oxic tank, secondary sedimentation tank, anoxic tank, anaerobic tank, grille, and primary sedimentation tank. Shapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) analysis revealed that C1 and C2 would significantly affect the N2O generation process, while the effects of C3 and C4 were negligible. Specifically, C1would enhance N2O generation, while C2 had an adverse effect. High-throughput sequencing results indicated that Methylotenera and Terrimonas, which could utilize readily biodegradable organic matter for denitrification, were the dominant bacterial genera in the sludge of WWTP. Overall, this study revealed disparate response between N2O generation and different DOM components during the A2O process, which would help to improve the current carbon emission accounting method of WWTPs and provide theoretical support for optimizing their low-carbon operation processes.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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